Resources

This study from the JRC Publications Repository assesses whether single-use or multiple-use packaging is more environmentally friendly. Researchers compared items such as takeaway cups, food trays and glass bottles. They measured the environmental impacts of each product from production to disposal using a life cycle assessment. The findings show that there is no clear winner. In some cases, single-use packaging had a lower carbon footprint. In others, multiple-use packaging used less water and had lower overall environmental impacts. The study also found that the results depend on how packaging is used. For example, the number of times a reusable item is used, how often it is washed and whether it is returned by consumers can all affect its environmental footprint.

Click below to learn more about the environmental trade-offs between single-use and reusable packaging.